Dan's Double Push Stripped Bare,
made possible by the generous support of Alan Bragman, Lynn Durkee, Brian Arnell, Tony Johnson, Ray Pisar, James Babkes, and Daniel R. Dugan.


A classic speedskating stroke contains a vertical position with knee flexion, a lateral fall (weight transfer), a push with leg extension, and a recovery for each leg. In the Double Push stroke, each side contains two vertical positions with knee bend (Pictures 1 and 4), two falls (Pictures 2 and 5), two pushes, (Pictures 3 and 6) and two recoveries before the other skate takes its turn. Except for a brief moment of unweightedness to allow the double-pushing skate a chance to recover back underneath the body in preparation for the regular push, each skate is constantly applying pushing pressure.

There isn't really time to glide as with classic technique. The long, straight, static glide of classic technique is replaced by a an active fall and push on the outside edge of the wheels (pictures1-3), and a recovery of the same skate -- while still on the ground -- back under the body's center of mass. (picture 4) Compare the two tracks side by side and you'll see the arcuate, banana-shaped tracks of the double push where normally a glide takes place.

Let's refer to this outside edge push as the underpush. The underpush is a lot like an abbreviated crossover push (see picture 3), except that the leg which normally crosses over trails behind. The recovery of the underpush is achieved after directing the underpush with the skates' rear wheels laterally and forward of the skater's center of mass. The skate continues to carve an arc slightly past the direction of travel so that the heel points out and the toe faces back in towards center line. (picture 3) By releasing this carving pressure, the skate directs itself back under the body (picture 4). In other words, during this recovery, there is short period of relative unweightedness, which allows time to draw the skate back underneath the center of mass, i.e. regroup in a vertical position. Then there's time to collect oneself for the fall and push in the classic sense (pictures 5 and 6).





After pushing fully, Dan sets skate down
slightly pigeon-toed to initiate the double push

Picture 1- The left skate set-down stops Dan's "fall" and starts the first of two pushes per leg. His set-down occurs on the outside edge of his wheels. His skate is slightly pigeon-toed, allowing him to position his skate under his body mass for easier overcommitment of body weight and quicker pressure initiation. The shadow shows Dan's center of mass lined up over his back three wheels.

Picture 2- The fall and underpush are happening simultaneously. Isometric at first, then extending, the abbreviated underpush is directed both laterally and forward so that the center of mass falls outside and slightly behind the base of support (see shadow). The right skate is moving swiftly to recover behind the left skate, adding momentum to the fall and push.


Double push central. Dan extends strongly with a
crossover-like push while the right skate recovers.

Full D.P. extension, both forward and laterally

Picture 3-Full underpush extension is a position of extreme instability! Dan will fall over unless he recovers his skate back under his center of mass. His heel carve points his skate diagonally back across his direction of travel. Dan's center of mass is at its farthest point behind the left skate, or base of support. His underpush is at full extension (see how his pushing leg is fully straight). The right skate is fully over-recovered at height of the underpush. Now's the time to release the carving pressure and take advantage of relative unweightedness to steer the skate back in.

Picture 4 The second "recovery" has taken place as Dan's base of support (skate) is now directly under his center of mass. In other words, while his skate traveled a longer diagonal path, his body caught up. It's his second time through the vertical axis on the same leg. Now he needs knee flexion. That's what he's loading up on here, knee flexion, getting ready for a classic push with power.(The more upright body position of the double push gives a shorter classic push, however the addition of the double push gives a sum greater than a classic push alone.)


Dan's leg recovers directly under his body and
reloads for the classic push to the outside.

Gravity aided mass transfer from
pushing skate to support skate

Picture 5-Classic "fall"-Dan's center of mass literally falls to the inside of the base of support with good body alignment (nose-knee-toes). Notice the nose-knee-toe alignment in all of the pictures! This tells us that all of the pressure is directed through the long axis of the body. Adductors and abductors aren't doing the work. They're acting as aides to the primary movers, the hip and leg extensors. Note that Dan's right skate is not weighted yet. That would interrupt the momentum he's generating with his regular fall and push.

Picture 6- Classic push with full leg extention to the outside. Dan's ankle is straight and his wheels are aligned almost vertically to the pushing surface at maximum extension. This allows him to push harder through the long axis of his leg without losing traction or power to pronation. Dan sets his right skate down slightly pigeon-toed, so there's no steering necessary to position his skate for the underpush.


Regular push with set-down preparing for D.P.
If you can connect an underpush and a regular push back to back repeatedly on one leg, you will have unlocked the secret of the double push!

See Chad Hedricks Double Push
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